THE COMMON LAW DOCTRINE OF SIMULATION
In addition to specific anti-avoidance provisions and the general anti-avoidance provisions (GAAR) in the Income Tax Act,[1] the South African Revenue Service can apply another established principle to attack the validity of transactions and arrangements, namely the common law doctrine of simulation, or the plus valet doctrine. This is a fundamental principle of the South […]
THE GENERAL ANTI-AVOIDANCE RULES
The Income Tax Act, 58 of 1962 (‘Income Tax Act’) contains various specific anti-avoidance rules aimed at preventing the abuse of certain specific sections in the Income Tax Act. However, over and above these specific anti-abuse provisions, the general anti-avoidance rules (‘the GAAR’) would also find application to cover further potential and unforeseen loopholes, or […]